Mention in Despatches

War service: Egypt, Gallipoli, Western Front

Enlisted with rank of private and posted to 15th (North Auckland) Company, Auckland Infantry Battalion, 14 August 1914. Proceeded overseas from Wellington on board HMNZT 'Waimana', 16 October 1914.

Disembarked Alexandria, Egypt, 3 December 1914.

Found guilty, 17 February 1915, of laughing at a Section Commander: awarded 3 days' confined to barracks.

Proceeded overseas from Alexandria to the Dardanelles on board HMT 'Lutzow', 12 April 1915.

Attached for duty to No 17 General Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, as orderly with sick officers, 8 May 1915. Attached to strength of New Zealand Advanced Base, Mustapha Camp, Alexandria, 8 June 1915. Embarked on board HMT 'Annaberg' for Dardanelles to rejoin unit, 13 June 1915. Attached to New Zealand Field Ambulance as Captain Craig's batman, Gallipoli (Anzac), 23 June 1915. Ceases attachment and rejoins unit, Gallipoli, 2 July 1915.

Appointed to rank of temporary Corporal, 16 August 1915.

Ceases to hold rank of temporary Corporal, 5 December 1915.

Evacuated from Gallipoli and admitted to HMHS 'Tagus', 5 December 1915 (debility after Enteritis); admitted to Lady Godley's (New Zealand) Convalescent Home, Zeitoun, Cairo, Egypt, 11 December 1915. Discharged from Lady Godley's (New Zealand) Convalescent Home, 24 January 1915.

Admitted to Emergency Clearing Camp, Zeitoun, 25 January 1916.

Attached to New Zealand Base Depot, Ghazieh, 5 February 1916. Rejoined unit which is now re-designated as 1st Battalion, The Auckland Infantry Regiment, Ismailia, 7 March 1916. Appointed to rank of Lance Corporal, 8 March 1916. Promoted to rank of Corporal, 8 March 1916.

Proceeded overseas from Port Said, Egypt, on board HMT 'Franconia' with unit to France, 6 April 1916; disembarked at Marseilles, France, 12 April 1916.

Reverts to rank of Lance Corporal, 27 April 1916. Appointed to rank of Temporary Corporal, 23 July 1916. Promoted to rank of Corporal, 26 August 1916.

Wounded in action and admitted to 1st New Zealand Field Ambulance, 16 September 1916 (minor shrapnel wound, leg).

Rejoined unit, in the field, 17 September 1916.

Found guilty, 29 March 1917, of being absent from billet after 9.00pm: reprimanded.

Promoted to rank of Sergeant, 19 April 1917.

Detached for duty as Instructor to New Zealand Infantry and General Base Depot, Etaples, 29 April 1917.

Rejoined unit from New Zealand Infantry & General Base Depot, 10 August 1917.

Promoted to rank of Warrant Officer Class II and appointed to position of Company Sergeant-Major, 21 August 1917.

Wounded in action, admitted to 3rd New Zealand Field Ambulance and transferred to No 2 Australian Casualty Clearing Station, 22 August 1917 (Gun Shot Wounds, head and left arm); admitted to No 5 General Hospital, Rouen, 24 August 1917 (enucleation of right eye); evacuated to England on HMHS 'Panama', 6 September 1917; admitted to No 1 New Zealand General Hospital, Brockenhurst, Hampshire, England, 7 September 1917; transferred to No 2 New Zealand General Hospital, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, 11 September 1917; discharged to sick leave, 17 October 1917. Admitted to No 2 New Zealand General Hospital, Walton-on-Thames, 25 October 1917.

Classified unfit for active service by Medical Board and placed on New Zealand Roll, 21 December 1917.

Discharged from No 2 New Zealand General Hospital, Walton-on-Thames, and marched in to New Zealand Discharge Depot, Torquay, Devonshire, 23 January 1918. Marched out from New Zealand Discharge Depot and taken on strength, New Zealand Command Depot, Codford, Wiltshire, 29 January 1918.

Sent to No 2 New Zealand General Hospital, Walton-on-Thames, 20 March 1918. Supplied with artificial right eye, 13 April 1918. Returned to New Zealand Command Depot, Codford, 15 April 1918.

Proceeded to Headquarters Gymnasium at Aldershot to undergo Course of Instruction in Physical Training & Bayonet Fighting, 29 April 1918. Returned from Course of Instruction to New Zealand Command Depot, Codford, 24 May 1918.

Marched in to New Zealand Discharge Depot, Torquay, 14 September 1918.

Commenced return to New Zealand from Plymouth on board HMNZT 'Ayrshire', 6 November 1918. Disembarked in Auckland, 23 December 1918.

Discharged no longer physically fit for war service on account of wounds received in action, 21 January 1919.

Total war service: 4 years 161 days (of which 4 years 70 days were overseas).

Became President of the New Zealand Gallipoli Association (1974-75) and the last to hold that office, overseeing the final New Zealand Gallipoli Association national reunion (held in Auckland, 23-26 April 1975).