War service: Western Front

Enlisted with rank of private and posted to C Company, 16th Reinforcements, Trentham Camp, Upper Hutt, 4 May 1916. Proceeded overseas from Wellington on board HMNZT 'Mokoia', 28 August 1916

Disembarked Devonport, England, marched into Sling Camp and taken on strength 3rd (Reserve) Battalion, Canterbury Infantry Regiment, 25 October 1916.

Struck off strength 3rd (Reserve) Battalion, Canterbury Infantry Regiment, Sling Camp, and proceeded overseas to France, 15 November 1916; disembarked and marched in to New Zealand Infantry and General Base Depot, Etaples, France, 16 November 1916. Taken on strength, 1st Battalion, Canterbury Infantry Regiment, and posted to 12th (Nelson) Company, in the field, France, 2 December 1916.

Wounded in action, admitted to 53rd Casualty Clearing Station, 7 June 1917 (gun shot wounds, face and abdomen, severe); admitted to New Zealand Stationary Hospital, Hazebrouck, 8 June 1917; admitted to No 7 General Hospital, St Omer, 9 June 1917; transferred to No 83 General Hospital, Boulogne, 12 June 1917; evacuated to England on board HS 'Jan Breydal' and admitted to No 2 New Zealand General Hospital, Walton-On-Thames, England, 20 June 1917(gun shot wounds, face and abdomen, loss of one eye); condition reported 'improving' and removed from 'dangerously ill' list, 28 June 1917. Condition reported 'improving', 26 July 1917. Discharged to sick leave, 10 November 1917.

Classified unfit by medical board and placed on New Zealand Roll, Walton-on-Thames, 24 January 1918. Ordered to report to New Zealand Discharge Depot, Torquay, 16 February 1918.

Commenced return to New Zealand from Plymouth, England, on board HMT 'Remuera', 14 March 1918.

Disembarked in Auckland, New Zealand and granted a weeks' sick leave (10 to 16 May), 9 May 1918. Discharged, no longer physically fit for war service on account of wounds received in action, 6 June 1918.