War service: Western Front

Embarked Wellington, 19 August 1916; disembarked Devonport, England, 25 October 1916; marched into Sling Camp, 26 October 1916.

Appointed Temporary Bombardier, 25 December 1916.

Proceeded overseas to France, 19 March 1917; posted to 5th Battery, 2nd Brigade, in the field, 27 March 1917.

Relinquished appointment of Temporary Bombardier, 2 May 1917; appointed Acting Bombardier, 3 May 1917.

Detached to XV Corps Gas School, in the field, 2 November 1917; rejoined unit from detachment, 21 January 1918.

On leave to United Kingdom, 7 March 1918; rejoined unit from leave, 27 March 1918.

Wounded in action, 23 April 1918 (gassed), admitted to 18th Field Ambulance, and transferred to 62nd Casualty Clearing Station (and relinquished appointment of Acting Bombardier); transferred to Ambulance Train No 8, 24 April 1918, and admitted to 55th General Hospital, Boulogne, 25 April 1918. Transferred to England, 13 May 1918, and admitted to No 2 NZ General Hospital, Walton-on-Thames.

Appointed Temporary Corporal, 4 December 1918; relinquished appointment as Temporary Corporal at own request, 5 August 1919.

Found guilty, 5 August 1919, of being absent without leave from midnight, 24 July, to 11 am, 4 August 1919: forfeited 11 days' pay.

Commenced return to New Zealand on board HT 'Remuera', 12 September 1919; disembarked Auckland, 26 October 1919; discharged, 25 November 1919.

Total war service: 3 years 262 days (of which 3 years 71 days were abroad).