Enlisted, 5 April 1916; discharged (medically unfit for Active Service),7 July 1916.

Re-enlisted, 5 February 1917.

War service: Western Front

Embarked Wellington, 14 July 1917; transshipped to HMT 'Omrah', Capetown, South Africa, 28 August 1917; disembarked Southampton, England, 25 September 1917, and marched into Sling Camp.

Proceeded overseas to France, 26 October 1917; joined 1st Bn, Auckland Infantry Regiment, in the field, 8 November 1917.

Attached to 3rd Field Company, New Zealand Engineers, 27 November 1917; rejoined unit, 12 March 1918.

Found guilty, 17 March 1918, of drunkenness on 11 March 1918: awarded 14 days' Field Punishment No 2.

Admitted to No 1 NZ Field Ambulance, 1 July 1918 (influenza); discharged to duty, 6 July 1918, and rejoined Bn, in the field.

Wounded in action, 21 July 1918 (bomb wound, left eyebrow and left lower eyelid, penetrating), and admitted to 29th Casualty Clearing Station; transferred to 1st Australian General Hospital, Rouen, 23 July 1918; to No 2 Convalescent Depot, 31 August 1918; to No 11 Convalescent Depot, Buchy, 1 September 1918; discharged to NZ Base Depot, Etaples, 28 September 1918.

Appointed Cook, 20 February 1919; relinquished appointment as Cook, 1 April 1919.

Admitted to No 3 NZ General Hospital (Venereal Section), Codford, 5 April 1919; discharged to Convalescent Section, 29 May 1919.

Commenced return to New Zealand from London on board HT 'Cordoba', 18 July 1919; discharged, 29 October 1919.

Total war service: 2 years 267 days (of which 2 years 80 days were abroad)